From 4073c82c4e44b33677e92cf60480fe5bb331aef7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jialin Ouyang <Jialin.Ouyang@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 13 Oct 2025 02:59:15 -0700
Subject: [PATCH] [ResponseAPI] Simplify input/output message serialization
 (#26620)

Signed-off-by: Jialin Ouyang <Jialin.Ouyang@gmail.com>
---
 .../openai/test_response_api_with_harmony.py  | 31 +++++++++++++
 vllm/entrypoints/openai/protocol.py           | 46 +++++++++----------
 2 files changed, 53 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tests/entrypoints/openai/test_response_api_with_harmony.py b/tests/entrypoints/openai/test_response_api_with_harmony.py
index 57d88f84d251..0720c8aa5121 100644
--- a/tests/entrypoints/openai/test_response_api_with_harmony.py
+++ b/tests/entrypoints/openai/test_response_api_with_harmony.py
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ from openai_harmony import (
     Message,
 )
 
+from vllm.entrypoints.openai.protocol import serialize_message, serialize_messages
+
 from ...utils import RemoteOpenAIServer
 
 MODEL_NAME = "openai/gpt-oss-20b"
@@ -758,3 +760,32 @@ async def test_output_messages_enabled(client: OpenAI, model_name: str, server):
     assert response.status == "completed"
     assert len(response.input_messages) > 0
     assert len(response.output_messages) > 0
+
+
+def test_serialize_message() -> None:
+    dict_value = {"a": 1, "b": "2"}
+    assert serialize_message(dict_value) == dict_value
+
+    msg_value = {
+        "role": "assistant",
+        "name": None,
+        "content": [{"type": "text", "text": "Test 1"}],
+        "channel": "analysis",
+    }
+    msg = Message.from_dict(msg_value)
+    assert serialize_message(msg) == msg_value
+
+
+def test_serialize_messages() -> None:
+    assert serialize_messages(None) is None
+    assert serialize_messages([]) is None
+
+    dict_value = {"a": 3, "b": "4"}
+    msg_value = {
+        "role": "assistant",
+        "name": None,
+        "content": [{"type": "text", "text": "Test 2"}],
+        "channel": "analysis",
+    }
+    msg = Message.from_dict(msg_value)
+    assert serialize_messages([msg, dict_value]) == [msg_value, dict_value]
diff --git a/vllm/entrypoints/openai/protocol.py b/vllm/entrypoints/openai/protocol.py
index 8c4c31bda18c..f96e84a0bf17 100644
--- a/vllm/entrypoints/openai/protocol.py
+++ b/vllm/entrypoints/openai/protocol.py
@@ -2065,6 +2065,26 @@ class ResponseUsage(OpenAIBaseModel):
     total_tokens: int
 
 
+def serialize_message(msg):
+    """
+    Serializes a single message
+    """
+    if isinstance(msg, dict):
+        return msg
+    elif hasattr(msg, "__dict__"):
+        return msg.to_dict()
+    else:
+        # fallback to pyandic dump
+        return msg.model_dump_json()
+
+
+def serialize_messages(msgs):
+    """
+    Serializes multiple messages
+    """
+    return [serialize_message(msg) for msg in msgs] if msgs else None
+
+
 class ResponsesResponse(OpenAIBaseModel):
     id: str = Field(default_factory=lambda: f"resp_{random_uuid()}")
     created_at: int = Field(default_factory=lambda: int(time.time()))
@@ -2107,35 +2127,13 @@ class ResponsesResponse(OpenAIBaseModel):
     # https://github.com/openai/harmony/issues/78
     @field_serializer("output_messages", when_used="json")
     def serialize_output_messages(self, msgs, _info):
-        if msgs:
-            serialized = []
-            for m in msgs:
-                if isinstance(m, dict):
-                    serialized.append(m)
-                elif hasattr(m, "__dict__"):
-                    serialized.append(m.to_dict())
-                else:
-                    # fallback to pyandic dump
-                    serialized.append(m.model_dump_json())
-            return serialized
-        return None
+        return serialize_messages(msgs)
 
     # NOTE: openAI harmony doesn't serialize TextContent properly, this fixes it
     # https://github.com/openai/harmony/issues/78
     @field_serializer("input_messages", when_used="json")
     def serialize_input_messages(self, msgs, _info):
-        if msgs:
-            serialized = []
-            for m in msgs:
-                if isinstance(m, dict):
-                    serialized.append(m)
-                elif hasattr(m, "__dict__"):
-                    serialized.append(m.to_dict())
-                else:
-                    # fallback to pyandic dump
-                    serialized.append(m.model_dump_json())
-            return serialized
-        return None
+        return serialize_messages(msgs)
 
     @classmethod
     def from_request(