[NVIDIA] Support Cutlass MLA for Blackwell GPUs (#16032)

Signed-off-by: kaixih <kaixih@nvidia.com>

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ if(VLLM_GPU_LANG STREQUAL "CUDA")
 
   # Set CUTLASS_REVISION manually -- its revision detection doesn't work in this case.
   # Please keep this in sync with FetchContent_Declare line below.
-  set(CUTLASS_REVISION "v3.8.0" CACHE STRING "CUTLASS revision to use")
+  set(CUTLASS_REVISION "v3.9.0" CACHE STRING "CUTLASS revision to use")
 
   # Use the specified CUTLASS source directory for compilation if VLLM_CUTLASS_SRC_DIR is provided
   if (DEFINED ENV{VLLM_CUTLASS_SRC_DIR})
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ if(VLLM_GPU_LANG STREQUAL "CUDA")
         cutlass
         GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/nvidia/cutlass.git
         # Please keep this in sync with CUTLASS_REVISION line above.
-        GIT_TAG v3.8.0
+        GIT_TAG v3.9.0
         GIT_PROGRESS TRUE
 
         # Speed up CUTLASS download by retrieving only the specified GIT_TAG instead of the history.
@@ -290,7 +290,8 @@ if(VLLM_GPU_LANG STREQUAL "CUDA")
     "csrc/quantization/fp4/nvfp4_quant_entry.cu"
     "csrc/quantization/fp4/nvfp4_scaled_mm_entry.cu"
     "csrc/sparse/cutlass/sparse_scaled_mm_entry.cu"
-    "csrc/cutlass_extensions/common.cpp")
+    "csrc/cutlass_extensions/common.cpp"
+    "csrc/attention/mla/cutlass_mla_entry.cu")
 
   set_gencode_flags_for_srcs(
     SRCS "${VLLM_EXT_SRC}"
@@ -463,7 +464,26 @@ if(VLLM_GPU_LANG STREQUAL "CUDA")
     set(FP4_ARCHS)
   endif()
 
-  #
+  # CUTLASS MLA Archs and flags
+  cuda_archs_loose_intersection(MLA_ARCHS "10.0a" "${CUDA_ARCHS}")
+  if(${CMAKE_CUDA_COMPILER_VERSION} VERSION_GREATER 12.8 AND MLA_ARCHS)
+    set(SRCS
+      "csrc/attention/mla/cutlass_mla_kernels.cu")
+    set_gencode_flags_for_srcs(
+      SRCS "${SRCS}"
+      CUDA_ARCHS "${MLA_ARCHS}")
+    list(APPEND VLLM_EXT_SRC "${SRCS}")
+    list(APPEND VLLM_GPU_FLAGS "-DENABLE_CUTLASS_MLA=1")
+    # Add MLA-specific include directories only to MLA source files
+    set_source_files_properties(${SRCS}
+      PROPERTIES INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${CUTLASS_DIR}/examples/77_blackwell_fmha;${CUTLASS_DIR}/examples/common")
+    message(STATUS "Building CUTLASS MLA for archs: ${MLA_ARCHS}")
+  else()
+    message(STATUS "Not building CUTLASS MLA as no compatible archs were found.")
+    # clear MLA_ARCHS
+    set(MLA_ARCHS)
+  endif()
+
   # CUTLASS MoE kernels
 
   # The MoE kernel cutlass_moe_mm requires CUDA 12.3 or later (and only works

csrc/attention/mla/cutlass_mla_entry.cu

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <torch/all.h>
+
+#if defined ENABLE_CUTLASS_MLA && ENABLE_CUTLASS_MLA
+void cutlass_mla_decode_sm100a(torch::Tensor const& out,
+                               torch::Tensor const& q_nope,
+                               torch::Tensor const& q_pe,
+                               torch::Tensor const& kv_c_and_k_pe_cache,
+                               torch::Tensor const& seq_lens,
+                               torch::Tensor const& page_table, double scale);
+#endif
+
+void cutlass_mla_decode(torch::Tensor const& out, torch::Tensor const& q_nope,
+                        torch::Tensor const& q_pe,
+                        torch::Tensor const& kv_c_and_k_pe_cache,
+                        torch::Tensor const& seq_lens,
+                        torch::Tensor const& page_table, double scale) {
+#if defined ENABLE_CUTLASS_MLA && ENABLE_CUTLASS_MLA
+  return cutlass_mla_decode_sm100a(out, q_nope, q_pe, kv_c_and_k_pe_cache,
+                                   seq_lens, page_table, scale);
+#endif
+  TORCH_CHECK_NOT_IMPLEMENTED(false, "No compiled cutlass MLA");
+}

csrc/attention/mla/cutlass_mla_kernels.cu

@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <torch/all.h>
+
+#include <ATen/cuda/CUDAContext.h>
+#include <c10/cuda/CUDAGuard.h>
+
+#include "cute/tensor.hpp"
+
+#include "cutlass/cutlass.h"
+#include "cutlass/kernel_hardware_info.h"
+
+#include "cutlass_extensions/common.hpp"
+
+#include "device/sm100_mla.hpp"
+#include "kernel/sm100_mla_tile_scheduler.hpp"
+
+using namespace cute;
+using namespace cutlass::fmha::kernel;
+
+template <typename T, bool PersistenceOption = true>
+struct MlaSm100 {
+  using Element = T;
+  using ElementAcc = float;
+  using ElementOut = T;
+
+  using TileShape = Shape<_128, _128, Shape<_512, _64>>;
+  using TileShapeH = cute::tuple_element_t<0, TileShape>;
+  using TileShapeD = cute::tuple_element_t<2, TileShape>;
+
+  // H K (D_latent D_rope) B
+  using ProblemShape = cute::tuple<TileShapeH, int, TileShapeD, int>;
+
+  using StrideQ = cute::tuple<int64_t, _1, int64_t>;  // H D B
+  using StrideK = cute::tuple<int64_t, _1, int64_t>;  // K D B
+  using StrideO = StrideK;                            // H D B
+  using StrideLSE = cute::tuple<_1, int>;             // H B
+
+  using TileScheduler =
+      std::conditional_t<PersistenceOption, Sm100MlaPersistentTileScheduler,
+                         Sm100MlaIndividualTileScheduler>;
+
+  using FmhaKernel =
+      cutlass::fmha::kernel::Sm100FmhaMlaKernelTmaWarpspecialized<
+          TileShape, Element, ElementAcc, ElementOut, ElementAcc, TileScheduler,
+          /*kIsCpAsync=*/true>;
+  using Fmha = cutlass::fmha::device::MLA<FmhaKernel>;
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+typename T::Fmha::Arguments args_from_options(
+    at::Tensor const& out, at::Tensor const& q_nope, at::Tensor const& q_pe,
+    at::Tensor const& kv_c_and_k_pe_cache, at::Tensor const& seq_lens,
+    at::Tensor const& page_table, double scale) {
+  cutlass::KernelHardwareInfo hw_info;
+  hw_info.device_id = q_nope.device().index();
+  hw_info.sm_count =
+      cutlass::KernelHardwareInfo::query_device_multiprocessor_count(
+          hw_info.device_id);
+
+  int batches = q_nope.sizes()[0];
+  int page_count_per_seq = page_table.sizes()[1];
+  int page_count_total = kv_c_and_k_pe_cache.sizes()[0];
+  int page_size = kv_c_and_k_pe_cache.sizes()[1];
+  int max_seq_len = page_size * page_count_per_seq;
+  using TileShapeH = typename T::TileShapeH;
+  using TileShapeD = typename T::TileShapeD;
+  auto problem_shape =
+      cute::make_tuple(TileShapeH{}, max_seq_len, TileShapeD{}, batches);
+
+  auto [H, K, D, B] = problem_shape;
+  auto [D_latent, D_rope] = D;
+
+  using StrideQ = typename T::StrideQ;
+  using StrideK = typename T::StrideK;
+  using StrideO = typename T::StrideO;
+  using StrideLSE = typename T::StrideLSE;
+
+  StrideQ stride_Q_latent = cute::make_tuple(
+      static_cast<int64_t>(D_latent), _1{}, static_cast<int64_t>(H * D_latent));
+  StrideQ stride_Q_rope = cute::make_tuple(static_cast<int64_t>(D_rope), _1{},
+                                           static_cast<int64_t>(H * D_rope));
+  StrideK stride_C =
+      cute::make_tuple(static_cast<int64_t>(D_latent + D_rope), _1{},
+                       static_cast<int64_t>(page_size * (D_latent + D_rope)));
+  StrideLSE stride_PT = cute::make_stride(_1{}, page_count_per_seq);
+  StrideLSE stride_LSE = cute::make_tuple(_1{}, static_cast<int>(H));
+  StrideO stride_O = cute::make_tuple(static_cast<int64_t>(D_latent), _1{},
+                                      static_cast<int64_t>(H * D_latent));
+
+  using Element = typename T::Element;
+  using ElementOut = typename T::ElementOut;
+  using ElementAcc = typename T::ElementAcc;
+  auto Q_latent_ptr = static_cast<Element*>(q_nope.data_ptr());
+  auto Q_rope_ptr = static_cast<Element*>(q_pe.data_ptr());
+  auto C_ptr = static_cast<Element*>(kv_c_and_k_pe_cache.data_ptr());
+  auto scale_f = static_cast<float>(scale);
+  typename T::Fmha::Arguments arguments{
+      problem_shape,
+      {scale_f, Q_latent_ptr, stride_Q_latent, Q_rope_ptr, stride_Q_rope, C_ptr,
+       stride_C, C_ptr + D_latent, stride_C,
+       static_cast<int*>(seq_lens.data_ptr()),
+       static_cast<int*>(page_table.data_ptr()), stride_PT, page_count_total,
+       page_size},
+      {static_cast<ElementOut*>(out.data_ptr()), stride_O,
+       static_cast<ElementAcc*>(nullptr), stride_LSE},
+      hw_info,
+      -1,       // split_kv
+      nullptr,  // is_var_split_kv
+  };
+  // TODO(kaixih@nvidia): When split_kv=-1 and is_var_split_kv=false, we compute
+  // split_kv automatically based on batch size and sequence length to balance
+  // workload across available SMs. Consider using var_split_kv for manual
+  // control if needed.
+  T::Fmha::set_split_kv(arguments);
+  return arguments;
+}
+
+template <typename Element>
+void runMla(at::Tensor const& out, at::Tensor const& q_nope,
+            at::Tensor const& q_pe, at::Tensor const& kv_c_and_k_pe_cache,
+            at::Tensor const& seq_lens, at::Tensor const& page_table,
+            float scale, cudaStream_t stream) {
+  using MlaSm100Type = MlaSm100<Element>;
+  typename MlaSm100Type::Fmha fmha;
+  auto arguments = args_from_options<MlaSm100Type>(
+      out, q_nope, q_pe, kv_c_and_k_pe_cache, seq_lens, page_table, scale);
+  size_t workspace_size = MlaSm100Type::Fmha::get_workspace_size(arguments);
+  auto const workspace_options =
+      torch::TensorOptions().dtype(torch::kUInt8).device(q_nope.device());
+  auto workspace = torch::empty(workspace_size, workspace_options);
+
+  CUTLASS_CHECK(fmha.can_implement(arguments));
+
+  CUTLASS_CHECK(fmha.initialize(arguments, workspace.data_ptr(), stream));
+
+  CUTLASS_CHECK(fmha.run(arguments, workspace.data_ptr(), stream));
+}
+
+void cutlass_mla_decode_sm100a(torch::Tensor const& out,
+                               torch::Tensor const& q_nope,
+                               torch::Tensor const& q_pe,
+                               torch::Tensor const& kv_c_and_k_pe_cache,
+                               torch::Tensor const& seq_lens,
+                               torch::Tensor const& page_table, double scale) {
+  TORCH_CHECK(q_nope.device().is_cuda(), "q_nope must be on CUDA");
+  TORCH_CHECK(q_nope.dim() == 3, "q_nope must be a 3D tensor");
+  TORCH_CHECK(q_pe.dim() == 3, "q_pe must be a 3D tensor");
+  TORCH_CHECK(kv_c_and_k_pe_cache.dim() == 3,
+              "kv_c_and_k_pe_cache must be a 3D tensor");
+  TORCH_CHECK(seq_lens.dim() == 1, "seq_lens must be a 1D tensor");
+  TORCH_CHECK(page_table.dim() == 2, "page_table must be a 2D tensor");
+  TORCH_CHECK(out.dim() == 3, "out must be a 3D tensor");
+
+  auto B_q_nope = q_nope.size(0);
+  auto H_q_nope = q_nope.size(1);
+  auto D_q_nope = q_nope.size(2);
+  auto B_q_pe = q_pe.size(0);
+  auto H_q_pe = q_pe.size(1);
+  auto D_q_pe = q_pe.size(2);
+  auto B_pt = page_table.size(0);
+  auto PAGE_NUM = page_table.size(1);
+  auto PAGE_SIZE = kv_c_and_k_pe_cache.size(1);
+  auto D_ckv = kv_c_and_k_pe_cache.size(2);
+  auto B_o = out.size(0);
+  auto H_o = out.size(1);
+  auto D_o = out.size(2);
+
+  TORCH_CHECK(D_q_nope == 512, "D_q_nope must be equal to 512");
+  TORCH_CHECK(D_q_pe == 64, "D_q_pe must be equal to 64");
+  TORCH_CHECK(D_ckv == 576, "D_ckv must be equal to 576");
+  TORCH_CHECK(H_q_nope == H_q_pe && H_q_nope == H_o && H_o == 128,
+              "H_q_nope, H_q_pe, and H_o must be equal to 128");
+  TORCH_CHECK(PAGE_SIZE > 0 && (PAGE_SIZE & (PAGE_SIZE - 1)) == 0,
+              "PAGE_SIZE must be a power of 2");
+  TORCH_CHECK(
+      B_q_nope == B_q_pe && B_q_nope == B_pt && B_q_nope == B_o,
+      "Batch dims must be same for page_table, q_nope and q_pe, and out");
+  TORCH_CHECK(PAGE_NUM % (128 / PAGE_SIZE) == 0,
+              "PAGE_NUM must be divisible by 128 / PAGE_SIZE");
+  TORCH_CHECK(D_o == 512, "D_o must be equal to 512");
+
+  TORCH_CHECK(q_nope.dtype() == at::ScalarType::Half ||
+                  q_nope.dtype() == at::ScalarType::BFloat16 ||
+                  q_nope.dtype() == at::ScalarType::Float8_e4m3fn,
+              "q_nope must be a half, bfloat16, or float8_e4m3fn tensor");
+  TORCH_CHECK(kv_c_and_k_pe_cache.dtype() == q_nope.dtype() &&
+                  q_nope.dtype() == q_pe.dtype(),
+              "kv_c_and_k_pe_cache, q_nope, and q_pe must be the same type");
+  TORCH_CHECK(seq_lens.dtype() == torch::kInt32,
+              "seq_lens must be a 32-bit integer tensor");
+  TORCH_CHECK(page_table.dtype() == torch::kInt32,
+              "page_table must be a 32-bit integer tensor");
+
+  auto in_dtype = q_nope.dtype();
+  at::cuda::CUDAGuard device_guard{(char)q_nope.get_device()};
+  const cudaStream_t stream =
+      at::cuda::getCurrentCUDAStream(q_nope.get_device());
+  if (in_dtype == at::ScalarType::Half) {
+    runMla<cutlass::half_t>(out, q_nope, q_pe, kv_c_and_k_pe_cache, seq_lens,
+                            page_table, scale, stream);
+  } else if (in_dtype == at::ScalarType::BFloat16) {
+    runMla<cutlass::bfloat16_t>(out, q_nope, q_pe, kv_c_and_k_pe_cache,
+                                seq_lens, page_table, scale, stream);
+  } else if (in_dtype == at::ScalarType::Float8_e4m3fn) {
+    runMla<cutlass::float_e4m3_t>(out, q_nope, q_pe, kv_c_and_k_pe_cache,
+                                  seq_lens, page_table, scale, stream);
+  } else {
+    TORCH_CHECK(false, "Unsupported input data type of MLA");
+  }
+}

csrc/ops.h

@@ -128,6 +128,12 @@ void advance_step_flashinfer(
     torch::Tensor& paged_kv_indices, torch::Tensor& paged_kv_indptr,
     torch::Tensor& paged_kv_last_page_len, torch::Tensor& block_table_bounds);
 
+void cutlass_mla_decode(torch::Tensor const& out, torch::Tensor const& q_nope,
+                        torch::Tensor const& q_pe,
+                        torch::Tensor const& kv_c_and_k_pe_cache,
+                        torch::Tensor const& seq_lens,
+                        torch::Tensor const& page_table, double scale);
+
 torch::Tensor get_cuda_view_from_cpu_tensor(torch::Tensor& cpu_tensor);
 
 #ifndef USE_ROCM

csrc/quantization/fp4/nvfp4_scaled_mm_kernels.cu

@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ typename T::Gemm::Arguments args_from_options(
   using StrideB = typename T::StrideB;
   using StrideD = typename T::StrideD;
   using Sm100BlkScaledConfig =
-      typename T::Gemm::GemmKernel::CollectiveMainloop::Sm100BlkScaledConfig;
+      typename T::Gemm::GemmKernel::CollectiveMainloop::Sm1xxBlkScaledConfig;
 
   int m = static_cast<int>(M);
   int n = static_cast<int>(N);

csrc/torch_bindings.cpp

@@ -130,6 +130,13 @@ TORCH_LIBRARY_EXPAND(TORCH_EXTENSION_NAME, ops) {
       ") -> ()");
   ops.impl("advance_step_flashinfer", torch::kCUDA, &advance_step_flashinfer);
 
+  // Compute MLA decode using cutlass.
+  ops.def(
+      "cutlass_mla_decode(Tensor! out, Tensor q_nope, Tensor q_pe,"
+      "                   Tensor kv_c_and_k_pe_cache, Tensor seq_lens,"
+      "                   Tensor page_table, float scale) -> ()");
+  ops.impl("cutlass_mla_decode", torch::kCUDA, &cutlass_mla_decode);
+
   // Layernorm
   // Apply Root Mean Square (RMS) Normalization to the input tensor.
   ops.def(

tests/kernels/test_cutlass_mla_decode.py

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+import pytest
+import torch
+import torch.nn.functional as F
+from torch import Tensor
+
+import vllm._custom_ops as ops
+from vllm.platforms import current_platform
+
+if not current_platform.has_device_capability(100):
+    pytest.skip(
+        reason="Cutlass MLA Requires compute capability of 10 or above.",
+        allow_module_level=True)
+
+
+def ref_mla(
+        out: Tensor,  # (bs, num_heads, v_head_dim)
+        query: Tensor,  # (bs, num_heads, head_dim)
+        kv_cache: Tensor,  # (num_blocks, block_size, head_dim)
+        scale: float,
+        block_tables: Tensor,  # (bs, max_num_blocks)
+        seq_lens: Tensor,  # (bs,)
+):
+    bs, num_heads, v_head_dim = out.shape
+    head_dim = query.shape[2]
+
+    for i in range(bs):
+        # gather and flatten KV-cache
+        kv = kv_cache[
+            block_tables[i]]  # (max_num_blocks, block_size, head_dim)
+        kv = kv.view(1, -1,
+                     head_dim)[:, :seq_lens[i]]  # (1, seq_len, head_dim)
+        v = kv[:, :, :v_head_dim]
+
+        q = query[i].view(num_heads, 1, head_dim)
+        o = F.scaled_dot_product_attention(q,
+                                           kv,
+                                           v,
+                                           scale=scale,
+                                           enable_gqa=True)
+        out[i] = o.view(num_heads, v_head_dim)
+
+    return out
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", [torch.bfloat16, torch.float16])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("mean_seq_len", [128, 1024, 4096])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("bs", [1, 2, 4])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("varlen", [False, True])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("block_size", [16, 64, 128])
+def test_cutlass_mla_decode(dtype: torch.dtype, mean_seq_len: int, bs: int,
+                            varlen: bool, block_size: int):
+    torch.set_default_dtype(dtype)
+    torch.set_default_device('cuda')
+    torch.manual_seed(42)
+
+    d = 576
+    h_q = 128
+    dv = 512
+
+    q_nope_dim = 128
+    q_pe_dim = 64
+    scale = (q_nope_dim + q_pe_dim)**(-0.5)
+    if varlen:
+        seq_lens = torch.empty(bs).normal_(mean_seq_len, mean_seq_len / 2)
+        seq_lens = seq_lens.clip(2).to(torch.int32)
+    else:
+        seq_lens = torch.full((bs, ), mean_seq_len, dtype=torch.int32)
+    max_seq_len = seq_lens.max().item()
+    block_num = (max_seq_len + block_size - 1) // block_size
+
+    # Pad block_num so that small blocks can be packed into full 128-sized
+    # CUTLASS tiles. One 128-wide tile can hold (128 // block_size) small
+    # blocks.
+    pack_factor = 128 // block_size
+    block_num = ((block_num + pack_factor - 1) // pack_factor) * pack_factor
+
+    q = torch.randn(bs, h_q, d)
+    block_table = torch.randint(0,
+                                bs * block_num, (bs, block_num),
+                                dtype=torch.int32)
+
+    kv_cache = torch.randn(block_table.numel(), block_size, d)
+
+    out_ref = q.new_zeros(bs, h_q, dv)
+    ref_mla(out_ref, q, kv_cache, scale, block_table, seq_lens)
+    out_ans = torch.zeros_like(out_ref)
+    q_nope = q[:, :, :dv].clone()
+    q_pe = q[:, :, dv:].clone()
+    ops.cutlass_mla_decode(out_ans, q_nope, q_pe, kv_cache, seq_lens,
+                           block_table, scale)
+
+    torch.testing.assert_close(out_ans, out_ref, atol=1e-2, rtol=1e-2)

vllm/_custom_ops.py

@@ -1525,3 +1525,12 @@ def flash_mla_with_kvcache(
         num_splits,
     )
     return out, softmax_lse
+
+
+def cutlass_mla_decode(out: torch.Tensor, q_nope: torch.Tensor,
+                       q_pe: torch.Tensor, kv_c_and_k_pe_cache: torch.Tensor,
+                       seq_lens: torch.Tensor, page_table: torch.Tensor,
+                       scale: float) -> torch.Tensor:
+    torch.ops._C.cutlass_mla_decode(out, q_nope, q_pe, kv_c_and_k_pe_cache,
+                                    seq_lens, page_table, scale)
+    return out